Fuel saver or economizer



May l`4, 1929. H. scHAPERJAHN 1,713,400

FUEL SVER OR ECONOMIZR Filed Dec. 2, 192'? mvENToR BY i www5@ ATTORNEY Patented May 14, 1929.

UNITED STATES lPATENT OFFICE.

HERMAN SCHAPERJAHN, 0F CLUSTER, NEW JERSEY.

FUEL SAVER OR ECONOMIZER.

Application led December 2, V1927. Serial No. 237,326.

This invention relates to improvements in fuel savers or economizers.

The primary object of the invention resides in a device adapted to be suitably arranged upon a furnace to preheat atmospheric air beforeY passing to the'fire box where it mixes with gases of the unburnt coal. which usually goes up the chimney in smoke a nd thus assures a more perfect combustion of the fuel.

Another object is to provide a device for establishing communication between the fire box of a furnace and the atmosphere, in which the atmospheric air is restricted momentarily to halt the passage of the coal air for preheating the same before .its passage into the fire box.

A further object of the invention is to provide a fuel saver and smoke consumer which reduces the consumption lof coal and causes disintegration and complete combustionof the smoke particles. Y

Astill further object is the provision of a fuel saver which may be installed on either u a large industrial or a small domestic furnace for a small initial cost, and which requires no care other than a cleaning to prevent accumulation of dust and dirt in the restricted passages provided therein.

With these and other objects in view, the invention resides in certain novel construction and combination and arrangement of parts, the essential features of which are hereinafter fully described, are particularly pointed out in the appended claims7 and are illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Figure l is a vertical sectional view through a large brick furnace showing my improved fuel saver provided thereon.

Figure 2 is a collective perspective view of the several parts of my device showing them in a separated condition.

Figure 3 is an end view of the nozzle cap looking toward the inside thereof.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional. view showing the manner of mounting my fuel saver `on a small domestic furnace.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, the reference character A designates a portion of a brick furnace which includes the fire box 10 and a door 11 in the front wall 12 thereof. Extending transversely through the wall 12 is a tubular housing 13 which is anchored in the wall 12 by an anchor member 14 which includes a pair of segmental sections 15 snugly clamped about the housing byl bolts 16 which pass through the aligned ears 17 of the two sections of the anchor member. The tubular housing is anchored to prevent accidental turning of the same upon the application of the cap 18 which is threaded to the inner end of the housing.- The outer end of the housing extends beyond the outer face of the wall 12 so as to open into the atmosphere 'and serves to slidably receife a sleeve valve 19 having an opening 20 therein through Which communication may be established between the atmosphere and the interior of the tubular housing. The outer end wall of the valve 19 has a handle 20 mounted thereon by which the valvemay ybe pulled out or pushed in to regulate the size of the air inlet opening leading into the tubular housing. Mounted within the housing 13 adjacent its inner end is a spiral iin 21, the convolutions of which are wound upon a tube 22 which is disposed in alignment with the axis of the tubular housing and to which the ends of the spiral fins are attached by slitting the ends of the tube 2O and bending the ends of the fin so as to be received in the grooves. The inner end of the tube 22 tightly abuts the cap 18 and registers With an air outlet opening 227 the walls of which opening are arranged at an angle so that the air passing therethrough into the fire box will be projected'downward over vthe fire. The cap 18 is also provided with air outlet openings 23 through which the air from the space about theA tube 22 passes in its escape from the tubularhousing 13 into the fire box. If desired, the joints between the peripheral edge of the fin and the inner wallof the tubular housing 13 may be ceniented to prevent any possible leakage of air therethrough during its travel through the spiral passage.

In operation, the valve 19 is set to the desii-ed position to allow atmospheric air to enter the tubular housing 13 from where a portion of it passes through the central tube 22 and out through the opening The. remainder of the air takes a course through the spiral passage formed by the 1in and which passage retards the air before permitting the same to escape into the fire box through the openings 23 in the cap 18. During the time that the air is trapped in the spiral passage,

rthe same is preheated by reason of the fact `4tion to being a fuel saver and willbe 'found same into the iire'box, a. more 'thorough mixing will be had with the waste gases andwill cause a complete combustion of1tliese\,gases which ordinarily would pass up through the chimney 1n the form of a smoke. The device may also be termed a smoke consumer in addimost useful in reducing the coal consumption.

.In Figure 4i of the drawing, I have shown the principle of my invention as applied ydirectly tothe door l1 of a domestic furnace B. The door 11 has a housing inounted on the rear thereof and which communicates with the atmosphere through suitable draftopenings 25 provided in the door 11. rIhe flow of air through these openings is regulated by a damper control 26, while an Vair outlet opening 27 is provided in the rear wall of the housing 24 and surrounding which opening is a collar bolted to the wall of the housin. The collar 28 is internally threaded to .threadedly receive the outer end of the tubular casing 13. rIhe parts within the casing are identical to those shown in Figure 1 and like reference characters refer to like parts throughout.

y It is believed'that the further construction shown in this view is unnecessary7 as the flow of air through the tubular housing 13 and into the fire'box is identical to that already described. However, it might be stated that the atmospheric air enters through the openings 25 in the 'door 11 from where it passes through the tubular housing 13 in to the fire boX to the furnace. It ispreferable to mount the device on the door of the furnace as shown inFigure 4 of the drawing but in some instances where'the wall of the'furnace isertremely thick, it is necessaryto amount the device in the mannershown in Figure 1.

Vhile. I'have described what I 'deem to be the-most desirable embodiment of my invention', it is obvious that many of the d-etails maylbevaried without in anyway departing from the spirit of my invention, and I there- Ifor-e doy not limit myself to the exact details of Vof said tubular casing having discharge openings therein, and a tube extending through the convolutions of said spiral fin and abutting the closed end of said tubular casing in alignment with one of said discharge openings. l y

2. In adevi'ceofthe class Vdescribed comprising a tubular casing for accommodating air to be preheated therein and delivered into a combustion chamber, a valve in the outer end of said casing to regulate air ingress thereto, a cap on the inner end of said casing having lateral openings and a central opening in the disk thereof, a spiral fin within the inner end of the casing to direct air around the wall 'thereof for preheating and delivery through said lateral openings, and a'tube eX- tending through said infand disposed axially of said' casing to accommodate movement of pre-heated air for delivery into the combustion chamber through said central opening, said openings being inclined to direct the preheated air' downwardly to the fir-e bed of the combustion chamber. Y In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

HERMAN SCHAPERJAHN. 

